Understanding and eliminating latch-up in CMOS applications

What is CMOS?
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, or commonly referred to as CMOS, is a type of IC which includes microprocessor, microcontroller, static RAM and other digital logic circuits.

What is a semiconductor?
A class of materials, for instance silicon and germanium, whose electrical properties lie between those of conductors (such as copper and aluminum) and insulators (such as glass and rubber). It displays relatively high resistance in pure state and much lower resistance when it contains small amounts of certain impurities.